Comprehensive Breast Cancer Treatment in Delhi at Amerix Cancer Hospital

Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers affecting the digestive system. It occurs when abnormal cells grow in the colon or rectum, forming tumours that may spread to other parts of the body if not treated early.

Colorectal cancer treatment in Sonipat is available in multiple hospitals with skilled doctors and advanced medical facilities.

Colorectal cancer affects the digestive system of the body. It usually starts in the colon or rectum. It often begins as small growths called polyps, which may turn cancerous over time.

There are multiple factors which can give rise to colorectal cancer. Cancer is often called a lifestyle disease and can be prevented by taking several measures. Colorectal cancers can be of many types and stages. 

Every type will have a different kind of treatment according to the patient's needs. People of all ages can develop colorectal cancer, but it is more common in older adults. 

Types of Colorectal Cancer 

Colorectal cancer is mainly classified into two types based on its location:

Colon Cancer:

• It affects the large intestine, also known as the colon. This type of cancer usually starts as polyps that may become cancerous over time.
• It is more common in Western countries, but cases are rising in India due to changing dietary habits and lifestyle factors.
• People with colon cancer usually report changes in bowel habits; some may also have blood in stool and unexplained weight loss.

Rectal Cancer:

• It develops in the rectum, the final section of the large intestine.
• It is more common in developing countries, including India, and is often detected at later stages.
• Symptoms include rectal bleeding, a persistent feeling of incomplete bowel movement, and lower abdominal discomfort.
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Staging of Colorectal Cancer 

Colorectal cancer is staged based on several parameters. The following are the stages of colorectal cancer:

Stage 1:

• Cancer is small and confined to the inner lining of the colon or rectum.
• Surgery is usually the primary treatment, with a high success rate.

Stage 2:

• The tumour has grown deeper into the colon wall but has not spread to lymph nodes.
• Treatment includes surgery and, in some cases, chemotherapy to prevent recurrence.

Stage 3:

• At the third stage, the tumour can be assumed to have spread to nearby lymph nodes, but it still has not affected the other organs.

Stage 4:

• This is the terminal stage of cancer when it has spread to distant organs or multiple lymph nodes.
• At this stage, curing the cancer completely is often not an option. The treatment can be provided to reduce the disease progression and to manage symptoms.
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Early detection of colorectal cancer improves treatment outcomes. Common diagnostic tests include:

Colonoscopy:

• A thin, flexible tube with a camera is inserted into the colon to check for abnormalities.
• Polyps found during this test can be removed before they turn cancerous.

Blood Tests:

• A complete blood count (CBC) helps detect anaemia, which may indicate internal bleeding.
• Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels can be checked to monitor cancer progression.

Biopsy:

• If abnormal tissue is found, a small sample is taken for further examination.
• This test confirms the presence of cancer and its type.

Imaging Tests:

• CT scans, MRI scans, and PET scans help determine the tumour size and whether cancer has spread.

Colorectal cancer symptoms can vary based on the stage and location of the tumour. Some of the common symptoms include:

Bowel Changes:

• Persistent diarrhoea or constipation.
• Narrow stools that last for several days.

Blood in Stool:

• Bright red or dark-coloured blood in stool.
• Rectal bleeding without any injury or haemorrhoids.

Abdominal Discomfort:

• Persistent bloating, cramps, or pain.
• A feeling that the bowel does not empty completely.

Unexplained Weight Loss:

• One of the most common symptoms of cancer can be sudden and unexplained weight loss. 
• Loss of appetite and weakness.
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Several factors increase the risk of colorectal cancer, including:

Age & Gender Factors:

• The risk increases after 50 years of age.
• Men are slightly more likely to develop colorectal cancer than women.

Genetic Predisposition:

• A family history of colorectal cancer raises the risk.
• Genetic conditions like Lynch syndrome increase the likelihood of developing the disease.

Lifestyle Factors:

• A diet low in fibre and high in processed foods contributes to colorectal cancer risk.
• Lack of physical activity and obesity are linked to higher chances of developing the disease.

Environmental Risks:

• Exposure to industrial chemicals or radiation can increase cancer risk.
• People living in urban areas with high pollution levels may have a greater chance of developing colorectal cancer.

Medical History Factors:

• Individuals with conditions like Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis have a higher risk.
• Previous history of polyps in the colon increases the chances of recurrence.
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Colorectal cancer treatment depends on the stage of cancer, the patient’s overall health, and how far the disease has spread. In Sonipat, hospitals provide different treatment options to manage colorectal cancer effectively. The main treatment approaches include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation, and targeted therapy.

Surgery for Colorectal Cancer

Polypectomy and Local Excision:

• If cancer is detected at an early stage, doctors may remove polyps during a colonoscopy.
• This is a simple procedure that does not require major surgery.
• Removing polyps helps prevent them from turning into advanced cancer.

Colectomy:

• This involves removing a part or the entire colon, depending on cancer severity.
• The remaining healthy parts of the colon are reconnected, or a colostomy may be performed.
• This procedure is essential for larger tumours that cannot be removed through minor procedures.

Minimally Invasive Surgery:

• Some hospitals in Sonipat offer laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer.
• It involves small incisions, leading to faster recovery and less pain.
• This method is preferred when the tumour can be removed without open surgery.
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Chemotherapy for Colorectal Cancer

Before Surgery (Neoadjuvant Therapy):

• Used to shrink large tumours before surgery.
• It helps make surgical removal easier and more effective.
• It can reduce the risk of cancer spreading to nearby organs.

After Surgery (Adjuvant Therapy):

• Given after surgery to destroy remaining cancer cells.
• It helps lower the chances of cancer coming back.
• It is often used when cancer has spread to lymph nodes.

For Advanced Cancer:

• Used in stage 4 cases to slow down disease progression.
• It helps relieve symptoms and improve quality of life.
• Given in cycles with rest periods in between.
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Radiation Therapy for Colorectal Cancer

Pre-Surgery Treatment:

• Used for rectal cancer to shrink tumours before surgery.
• It helps reduce complications during surgery.
• Often combined with chemotherapy for better results.

Post-Surgery Treatment:

• Used after surgery if cancer cells are still present.
• It helps prevent recurrence in nearby tissues.
• It affects only the targeted cancer cells, reducing overall side effects.

For Symptom Management:

• Used in advanced stages to relieve pain and discomfort.
• It can slow down tumour growth when surgery is not an option.
• It helps improve the patient’s daily life.

Targeted Therapy for Colorectal Cancer

For Specific Gene Mutations:

• Some colorectal cancers have mutations that respond to targeted drugs.
• These drugs attack cancer cells without affecting normal cells.
• Doctors perform tests to determine if targeted therapy is suitable.

Used with Other Treatments:

• Often combined with chemotherapy for better results.
• It helps patients who do not respond well to traditional treatments.
• It can slow down cancer progression in advanced cases.

Reduced Side Effects:

• It has fewer side effects compared to chemotherapy.
• It works by blocking specific proteins that help cancer cells grow.
• It is more effective for certain types of colorectal cancer.
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The following are the factors that can affect the total cost of colorectal cancer treatment:

Factors Affecting the Cost

Surgery Costs:

• The cost of surgery depends on the type and complexity of the procedure.
• Minimally invasive procedures may have different pricing compared to open surgery.

Chemotherapy:

• The price of chemo can add up to the total cost of treatment based on the number of chemotherapy cycles required.
• Newer chemotherapy drugs may be more expensive than standard options.

Radiation Therapy Fees:

• The cost depends on the number of radiation sessions needed.
• Some advanced radiation techniques may increase expenses.

Hospital Selection:

• Private hospitals may charge higher fees for specialised care.
• Government hospitals often provide affordable treatment options.
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Amerix Cancer Hospital in Sonipat offers advanced treatment for colorectal cancer. The hospital provides high-quality care with expert oncologists and modern facilities. 

Features of Amerix Cancer Hospital

Experienced Medical Team:

• Specialists with expertise in colorectal cancer treatment.
• Skilled surgeons, oncologists, and support staff ensure complete care.

Advanced Treatment Options:

• Offers surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and targeted therapy.
• Patients receive treatment based on their cancer stage and health condition.

Post-Treatment Care:

• Regular follow-up sessions to monitor patient recovery.
• Guidance on managing side effects and improving overall health.
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